Glazed structure



Improvements in Glazed Structures, of:

yPatented May 8, 19243'.

'Y Unirse s'rAfr ROBERT SCHALKENBAC'H, bncnasnn, LATE. or Barjrri'ic'" "t:

HULDA W. SCHALKENBACH".AnMmIsxrnATRIm-f or *Bair LAND.

substitute 'for abandoned application serial ire-760,880, alle@ Apiln 14, fiaisi.

` Y vember 14, 1921.

To all whom t may concern.' l l lBe Ait known that 'ROBERT N. SCHALKEN BACH, deceased, who was a .citizen of the United States, and Wholresidedat Bal ti,l

more, `in the ycounty `oi Baltimore, AState of Maryland, invented `certain new and useful which the following is .a4 `full, clear, `and eX- Vact description. l

Hy invention relates toimprovements in 'porting 'panes of glass and which are of a permanentjnature and are .puttyless, that is to say, yno use is made .therein of cement, putty or similarbindmg material.

Among the yobgectsfof my vinvention 1s ,thel

vprovision of a simplified, form 'of structure, `Which 1s .easlly -made andv assembled;` .1n

vprovision for excluding. moisture from'the: l

interior of the 4structure ism'ade;y in Which the application of pressure tothe edges of 'the lglass and the consequent 'liabilityo 4provision of novel' means for'retaining and holding the members for supporting .thel:

glass. in place, the provision of novelmeans for closing the'spaces beneath the glass and.

i between the supporting members', the provision of novel means forv causing the disv charge of Water of .condensation land'` all pear hereinafter and bev pointedout in the:-

kother Water 4that maynd its Wayjinto the interior ofthe structure, and generallylinf vthe 'simplification and improvement ofl struc-- tures of the character referred to.

@theriobjects of my inventionwill l"ap-y cla'ims' and with the foregoing objects in View, my invention consists inthe parts, improvements and `combinati-ons herein .set

- Jforth and claimed, and 'While I have villus- 'trated a particular construction'in` which my invention :maybe embodied, it `is tobe understood' that the samefis for the 4purpose of illustration only and that, my inventionf is not confined thereto butis as 'broad as my. claims, vand that variousl changes mav GLAZED s'rncrnnnpfh y I y with my invention; structures embodymgmetallic memberssup- Figure 7 is a detailcrosslseetiona b eoreHthe parts ,a el..asy -orclosing breakage 1s avoidedl Other 'objectsarerthey y ,1

Inv the said drawings, vthe referencefnuftion .with thel'anges `2,-2.-eXtending horiout departing fromv ymy. invention or .Sacri-p` .55.

ence numerals are .made use of to designate ythe, same parts throughout, l

.'. Figure .vl -is aj-view fin-perspective .p arti-yf in transverse cross-"section 'of longif."

tudinal'4 jointjstructure made in accordance art y of a :skylight orroof'fstructure; j-

my invention;

Figure 4 is'. an end View ofthe parts. show v'nf. l. in Figure 2, looking arrow on Figure12";'l y.

Figure 5 .is a planviewof` an-expansion y clip; fflliff i Figure .6y is. -a sectional. detail view ofthe joint cap lsembledgandf Figure 8 is a'similarview oifth means .the openings 'between' the "glass".

and curb. -fv l meral'l is` applied toa supporting bai-?having`.k the form'jofa T-beam. `These`-supporting bars l run. parallelto one another, fromr the.

highest t'o thelowe'stpoint-cfa skyl-ightgorl l' `other glazed y structure r`and one is .provid ed between 4veach Width of: glass allowing ample clearance; at v the edgesfof each Width tot thev lowenends, as 'will beudescrilded klherel` inafter." The T-'beamsare.placed."v in vpovsi- Figureyl, and showing fthejlower end Dredge.

ineheaireeaon 0f the 9o glass to provide for'lateral'expansionfandf.

Y' ,of the supporting bars is'ta'ken4 care ofatf' i upward between the side flanges 2, 2. The glass is shown at 4 and the' edges of the panes-of glass are supported upon the side flanges 2, 2 of the T-beams 1, and obtain abroad flat bearing thereon.

Means is provided for securing asoft flexible cushioning support for the glass 4 upon the flanges 2, 2 and such means may take the form of comparatively broad flat strips of suit-able material resting directly upon the flanges 2, 2 of the T-beams 1.l rlhe glass 4 is not placed directly upon this soft elastic cushioning means, as such an arrangement lmight result in water, condensed on the undersurface ofthe glass, or getting through any cracks which might be formed `in the'glass coming into contact with and lar material is extended inwardly under the glass beyond the cushioning means 5, `and is bent downward at 7, bent inwardly at 8 Iand `upwardly kat 9, to form a gutter 10, the upper edge 11 of the gutter 10 being spaced below and not in contact with th'e glass 4, and leaving a slight opening between the edge 11 and the lowersurface of the glass 4. All water of condensation and all water penetrating within the structure will be collected within this gutter 10 and carried off as explained hereinafter.

In order to still further protect the cushioning material 5 and to prevent access of dirt or water thereto, the |cushion covering means 6 is extended upwardly at the edge adjacent to the web 3 of the T-beam 1, as shown at 12 so that any water getting past .the inner edge 13 of the glass 4, will not penetrate to the cushioning material 5, but will be carried along the strip 6 underneath the glass 4 and into the gutter 10. A olea.'- a-nce is provided beneath th'e inner edges of the glass 4 and the web 3 of the T-beams 1,-

so that the glass is freetocontract and .expand toward and away from the web 3 of the T-beams 1, andthe upwardly extending edge 12 of the strip 6 is also spaced slightly away from the edge 13 of the glass for a like purpose. In order to present the edges of the glass 4 in adjacent sections slightly away from one another so as to prevent looseness and vibration, I provide expansion clips 14 of substantially U-shape and fitting over the 'top of the web 3 of the T-beams 1 and having spring projecting portions 15, .which bear against the upwardly extending edges 12 of the strip-s 6 and which at the.

same timey will give sufliciently to accommodate any expansion and contraction of the glass which may take place One of these clips 14 is preferably provided at each of the bolts 16 hereafter referred rto and the clips' 14 are provided with openings 17 through which the bolts 16 may pass. To still further protect the interior of the structure and cushioning means 5 from the ingress of water from above and in .order to provide a comparatively soft self-adjusting cushion for the spring cap or cover which completes the structure, have provided an additional cushioning means 18 which is preferably formed from strips y of soft lead,6 These strips comprise the portions19 lying flat on the upper surface ofthe glass, opposite to and above the cushioning means 5, and an upwardly extending portion 20, which forms a dam for excluding water and other material from ingress to the interior of the structure, and a downwardly extending, reversely bent portion 21 extending over the top and down on the inside of the upwardly project` ing portion 12 of the cushion protecting means 6, this construction serving to secure together the lead strips 13, and the cushion covering strips 6 which. have the gutters 10 formed thereon, preventing strips 6 and 13 from coming loose and getting out of place.

The joint is completed by a spring cover or cap 22 which is preferably formed of copper and comprises a fla-t or approximately flat top portion 23, downwardly and outwardly extending flat portions 24, and lower surfaces 25, 25 which extend inwardly and at an acute angle to the downwardly extending portion 24, 24 and rest dat on the flat portions 19 of the lead strips 18 which themselves rest directly upon the glass, and have ya bearing thereon.

Means is provided for securing the spring cap or cover 22 in lplace and preferably com.

prises the bolts 16 provided with heads 26 received in undercut openings 27 in the web 3 of the =l'beams 1, although, of course other means than that shown ymay be resorted to for this purpose. In order to provide against unequal expansion between the T-beams 1 andthe caps 22 and to facilitate the work oferection, the openings 28 provided in the cap 22 for the passage of bolts 16 are somewhat elongated and washers or cover vplates 29 are provided having openings 30 of the correct size to accommodate the passage of bolts 16, as is shown in Fig- `ure 6. After the cap has been put in place and the cover plates or washers 29 have been inserted over the bolts ,16, the nuts 31 are screwed on the bolts 16 to hold all the parts together with the requisite degree of` v"are sec'ured "together `by'"screwing u'p' the v'nuts 3i, the lportions 25, in addition` to. hav# ingadiat .bearing thrimgh'out`A thefwidthfj upon the strips' 19,'falso serve 'to' 'e'ertfa spring action, thus" increasing thel tightness `of the i'oint `and .holding thelea'd"strips` 19 j' ige-54,079

`with 'a'fair degree of firmness against 'the top ofthe glass 4 and in su'ch'ma'nner as to l 1 conform to any irregularities which'i'nay beF found in the'surface' fof the glass. v 'lhe'T-beams'l rest, at their lower ends,

yupon theepansion 'clips'32 which arefse- *cured/tothe supporting member,l such as the-flanges2, 2 of "tli'eTibearns'lg and have a slot or opening 3'8"forme`d Jtherebetween to receive the web 3 of the Tebeams 1. rlfhis arrangement prevent all other movement of the T-beams'l, but leavesl them free to` contract or expand lengthwise of theT-beams being firmly secured at their upper ends as already described, an adequate and satis-r* factory faste-ning therefor is thus provided.' Suitable meansl isprovided for closing the openings which would otherwisey be left V above the supporting curb 33 and below the lower-surface of the glass 4 intermediate of the T-beams l, and means for-holding such closing means in'place may be'provided by leaving vertical slots or openings in the sides-of the expansion clipsl 32 for the reception of the ends of the members provided for closingthe space between the glass and the curb` oiother member upon which the structure is supported. The members for' closing. this opening are show-n in vcross- #section at 40 and comprise fiat lower sur;

' wardly bent portions 44, `and the closingmembers 40 are placed with their fiat portions 41 bearingy directly upon the support#` ing curb or other member 33,'.with' the up-` right portions 42 closing the opening be- Ifaces 4l, upwardly extending portions 42,

rearwardly bent portions 43and reverse outtween the glass and the curb,and.the backwardly and forwardly bentportions 43 and 44 immediately'beneath the former in 'con' tact with the'lowersurfaceof the same. Av Arecess 45 is provided in the upper-.surfaces of the' clips32 for. receiving' the reversely l bent'porti'ons 43 Aand 44 ofthe closing members 40, which'members l40 are preferably formed of copper and the reversely bent portions '43* and 44 arci-preferablyfomed .i y l initially with afslight opening between themfl p asshoWn inFi'gurfS', and when` 'tl`ie 'glass is placed thereon', the members`43 1and44 are pressed' downwardly bythe glass andjarerem ceivedf'withinv'the vrecess By' zforining"" andfa'ssembling' these, "li'aris` int-he manner'-."jy"..f f described., bro'a'ndat*bearing'isfprovidedg f for-the glassl on the' jupperjrever'selyf benty f, v1 portion 44 of thefclosingmember 40 and atf':l thesa'm'e time ther` memb'er'l40r. is brought'f finto'f -a {spring` -Ircontact fyvi'th fl the 'throughout its entire;width`notwithstanding` n. y, d. Vany irregularitieswhich mayffbe n. present in vj` l uponthe curb y38 or upontheap'ron forma'- tionf48', whichy is preferably." placed upon f and ex/tends inward there'o'n'to vformajdis-S f' l ichargef'gu-tter ofwwinchfffthe-g' buter wall 'isl .formedy the upwardly,erterniling'portion'` 4t2-ofthe v closing member *"@ipeningls 46 ffl. Whichwinay beof 'any"cpnvenientfshape',and "arepreferably halfrol'i'ndf asf-'shown-fini'Fi iure f4,1''are providedin the wall? :42'A o'f-"fthev membervt() for y1pjermitting dischangelof 4any y sWater whichy mayvbe discharged y-`jther'e- ',-H

through'fro'm the' 'gutters' l0. Thegutters 10 extend, part 'w'ayoverrthevlower portion 4l'of the closing membe'r`40iso that'all `vv'a-l' y. terfthat gets:intofthegutterslO'Willbe dis-` charged linto'thefs'a'iid .closing member land thence be .permitted to" 'e'sca'pej throughthe openings4 -A The openings 46 are preferably. not placed opposite lthefends 'of theJ l gutters 10, andare preferablyarranged aty a slight distance away from 'and at one' sidel k y:if

of the e-nd'softhe ygutters l0 so that'v anyk `dirt `or other material `which may-be admit?.

ted .through thev openings 46l willnot have les ` a tendencyto 'clogthe gutters 1'0.' "The "clips f' i `32 are formed with a, stepl and"with a" lower surfacei52 on whichtheends of the T-beams rest and are "confined by the lugs L 37, and anuppe'r surface raised theheight ,ofthe step einem theiportion saale" dis-'1 'y tance between the portions -52 and 53 beingffi` slightly less than the combined 'thicknessof` iis,

4the flanges 2,?. cushioning covering means 6,

and. cushioning means 5 -whenthe latt'eris i compressed, so that 4'the glass extending]` above the ends of thef'fianges 2 `is givenl slight clearance above the upper portioin' y53 ofthe clips 32.` The clips32fterminatel at theirvlo'wer ends; in'upvvard,extensions-'4741' having` the same generalpbutllneskas the caps'22,as shown'in -Figure"4, thusfmaking aneat finishand closing ltheends of the caps, though a slight yclearance maybe 'left 4 i to provide against expansion'. A rib 50 'maylk .y be vformed"centrallyl onzthejendof eachv `upg" ,Iv Ward extension 47 whenthe expansion clips! 'I are formed by casting, thus imparting "addi- .tignal strength thereto 7and `adding tothe? pleasing appearance of the completed struc-p ture. The cushioning material is terminated at or slight-ly back of the lower ends `of the T-bearns l so that, while sufficient support for the glass will ,be afforded, there 1 will be no opportunity for water or other material to come intov contact with the cushioning means 5 at the lower end thereof, and, as already stated7 the cushioning means 5 and its cover strip 6 are selected of proper thickness so that the glassv I where it eX- tends over the clips 82 beyond the ends of claim In a glazed structure, the combination of supporting T-beams placed with their Iside flanges down, cushioning means on said side flanges, members on said cushioning means havingupward projections at the edges thereof adjacent to the `web of the i T-beams and projectingr beyond the upper surface of the glass and havingtheir opposite edges formed into gutte'rs panes of glass supported on said members,jmetallic strips placed upon the upper `surface 'of the lpanes of glass along their edges and having an upward projection at the inner edge thereof forming a dam to prevent the passage of water therebeyond and bent downwardly to interlock with the upward projection of the member extending from beneath the glass, bolts secured in said T- beams, a spring cap resting upon thev inembers placed lon the upper surface 'of the glass, and having openings for the passage of said bolts, and nuts on said bolts beyond the top of the cap for securing they parts ltogether and inl place, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

In testimony whereof, I affix my signature, in the presence of two witnesses..

interina` w.y SCHALKENBACH,

Administratrice of Robert N. Schalkrenbach, p y

deceased.

Witnesses:

ROBERT H. LEWIS, MILTON DASHIELL. 

